Do I need a separate visa for internships during my studies in Europe?

Not always,  whether you need a separate visa for an internship in Europe depends on the country, whether it’s paid, and if it’s part of your degree.

• In the Netherlands, if the internship is part of your academic program, no extra visa is needed. But employers often need to register it with the IND.
• In France, all internships require a “convention de stage”. If it’s tied to your coursework, your student visa covers it.
• In Germany, your student residence permit lets you work 120 full or 240 half days per year, including internships. If the internship exceeds this, official permission is needed.
• After graduation, most countries don’t allow internships under a student visa. You may need a job-seeking visa or a separate work/internship permit.

The rules change fast, especially for paid roles. Always confirm with your university or local authorities before starting.